How does Giemsa stain work?
Giemsa solution is composed of eosin and methylene blue (azure). The eosin component stains the parasite nucleus red, while the methylene blue component stains the cytoplasm blue. The thin film is fixed with methanol. De-haemoglobinization of the thick film and staining take place at the same time.
Are macrophages in CSF?
Macrophages are infrequently found in CSF; they can be classified by the type of material they have phagocytosed. Erythrophages contain red blood cells and fragments of red blood cells. These cells are identified several days after subarachnoid hemorrhage and can persist for weeks or months.
What is the function of glycerol in Giemsa stain?
In 1904 Giemsa published an essay on the staining procedure for flagellates, blood cells, and bacteria. Giemsa improved the Romanowsky stain (Eosin Y and Methylene Blue) by stabilizing this dye solution with glycerol. This allowed for reproducible staining of cells for microscopy purposes.
What does Wright Giemsa stain?
Wright’s stain is a hematologic stain that facilitates the differentiation of blood cell types. It is classically a mixture of eosin (red) and methylene blue dyes. It is used primarily to stain peripheral blood smears, urine samples, and bone marrow aspirates, which are examined under a light microscope.
What is the purpose of macrophages in the CSF?
Diverse functions of macrophages contribute to the regulation of organogenesis. As potent effector cells, macrophages produce a range of growth factors that stimulate angiogenesis, induce apoptosis and regulate tissue morphogenesis.
Are lymphocytes normal in CSF?
While lymphocytes make up roughly a quarter of all white blood cells (WBC) in the body, they are generally rare in the CSF. Under normal conditions, there are usually less than 5 white blood cells per µL of CSF.
How do you stain a Giemsa stain?
For Thin blood smear Stain with diluted Giemsa stain (1:20, vol/vol) for 20 min (For a 1:20 dilution, add 2 ml of stock Giemsa to 40 ml of buffered water in a Coplin jar). Wash by briefly dipping the slide in and out of a Coplin jar of buffered water (one or two dips). Note: Excessive washing will decolorize the film.
When do we use Giemsa stain?
Giemsa stain is a gold standard staining technique that is used for both thin and thick smears to examine blood for malaria parasites, a routine check-up for other blood parasites and to morphologically differentiate the nuclear and cytoplasm of Erythrocytes, leucocytes and Platelets and parasites.
Do macrophages express Csf1r?
Lung macrophage populations are primarily controlled by CSF2 (also known as GM-CSF, encoded by Csf2), rather than CSF129, but lung macrophages do express Csf1r and bind CSF111.
What is lymphocytes CSF?
While lymphocytes make up roughly a quarter of all white blood cells (WBC) in the body, they are generally rare in the CSF. Under normal conditions, there are usually less than 5 white blood cells per µL of CSF. In a pleocytic setting, the number of lymphocytes can jump to more than 1,000 cells per µL.
What is the principle of Giemsa stain?
Principle. Giemsa stain is a gold standard staining technique that is used for both thin and thick smears to examine blood for malaria parasites, a routine check-up for other blood parasites and to morphologically differentiate the nuclear and cytoplasm of Erythrocytes, leucocytes and Platelets and parasites.
How do you stain a smear with Giemsa?
On a clean dry microscopic glass slide, make a thin film of the specimen (blood) and leave to air dry. dip the smear (2-3 dips) into pure methanol for fixation of the smear, leave to air dry for 30seconds Flood the slide with 5% Giemsa stain solution for 20-30 minutes. Add a thick smear of blood and air dry for 1 hour on a staining rack.
What stain should I use for my CSF sample?
CSF samples require immediate processing, ideally within 1 hour from collection. Upon centrifugation cytology is commonly assessed on May-Grunwald-Giemsa stains. Several additional stains are available for the identification of infectious agents such as bacteria or fungi, or the further specification of neoplastic cells by immunocytochemistry.
How do you make Giemsa solution?
Into 250ml of methanol, add 3.8g of Giemsa powder and dissolve. Then, add 250ml of glycerin to the solution, slowly. Filter the solution and leave it to stand for about 1-2 months before use. On a clean dry microscopic glass slide, make a thin film of the specimen (blood) and leave to air dry.